Monday, August 24, 2020

Planning of Medical Facilities and Amenities

Arranging of Medical Facilities and Amenities Presentation Planning of clinical offices and pleasantries calls for additional consideration and alert to guarantee adherence to all the set down methodology, guidelines, and affirmation. This thusly guarantees direct of work inside as far as possible and the partners accomplish their focused on goals.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on Planning of Medical Facilities and Amenities explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The examination paper inspects a top to bottom investigation of the formation of a clinical consideration comfort, while looking at the set down guidelines, exceptionally significant boundaries, and time required for completing the venture, the all out expense of the undertaking and the hardware required in the task. Concerning this, the types of gear utilized in the clinical field are exceptionally directed. They are under a significant level of support and wellbeing than a large portion of the machines and types of gear found in the market. This is on the grounds that there are those patients who react gradually or can't react to perilous conditions. A portion of the clinical gear being used today go about as life support and their disappointment lead to death toll. Prior to structuring the period of any hardware, it is imperative to comprehend its administrative necessities and the confirmation expected of it. This is invaluable in that it diminishes the expenses, however it likewise builds the wellbeing of the item and the pivot time required for affirmation. Administrative prerequisites The authorizing guidelines of each State set out the particular plan on the utilization of clinical office inside its premises. These are the FGI rules utilized in the development of and structure of clinical offices Kunders (2004). The various states require the utilization of codes in International Building. Moreover, the states get accreditation from the Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare associatio ns Kunders (2004). The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) gives rules guaranteeing consistence fire codes inside the wellbeing office. This is to shield patients from fire episodes inside the wellbeing places. The direction of fire security inside the offices expects adherence to the norms contained in the NFPA 101 and NFPA 99.Advertising Looking for investigate paper on business financial matters? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Health office should likewise follow the American Disability Act so as to ensure the truly tested patients. The offices should likewise follow the OSHA guidelines particularly in the structure of their research facilities. Clinical offices ought to be open to those looking for clinical consideration. In this way, they ought to have plans that upgrade care to patients. This is particularly in tall structures, which ought to have lifts, and they ought to be open to individuals with inability. T he plan of the clinical office ought to guarantee that there are fire gathering focuses in the event of fire flare-up inside the premises. The structure of the office is ecological amicable to abstain from dirtying nature. Patients’ encounters inside a wellbeing office are numerous and shifted. To take great mind and guarantee prosperity of patients, wellbeing offices apply feel that guarantee solace of the patient while in the office. Moreover, the clinical offices should be supportable and ecological agreeable on the grounds that they utilize a ton of human force, crude materials, water, and vitality. Consequently, the structures must follow the set down guidelines. Shading and commotion issues It is critical to pick the best shading for the clinical office. The hues utilized in the clinical office targets catching, planning and quieting the best mind-set and mental condition of the patients and giving a peaceful situation to the patient with the goal that they recoup quick Kunders (2004). The climate gave by hues makes it quick for patients to recuperate. At the point when the hues are not quiet, they meddle with the wellbeing and the recuperation procedure of the patient. Thusly, they undermine the recuperation procedure of the patient. There ought to be sufficient billboards in and around clinics to guarantee most extreme quietness Kunders (2004). There ought to be no hooting via vehicles in and around clinics. This guarantees commotion is at least to empower patients possess adequate energy for rest and rest and this causes them to feel secure. The protection of the patient is significant, clinical offices should ensure the patient’s security, and there ought to be no exposure of private and secret data of the patient without the assent of the patient Kunders (2004). Hardware required Medical offices no matter how you look at it have comparative social insurance gear. The supplies being used in our clinical office are; streetcars, sinks, ro om dividers, warming and ventilation frameworks, toilets, X-beam machines, wheel seats and tables, research facility packs, squander compartments, assessment beds, work areas and seats. The National Clearing House for Educational Facilities (NCHEF) accommodates these arrangements of hardware (clark, 2009).Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on Planning of Medical Facilities and Amenities explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Electronic things required Medical offices require electronic things to affix the procedure of administration conveyance and to guarantee that patients have the best consideration and findings, and organization of best treatment. Electrically changed gadgets are the best to comply with the emergency clinic security norms. The gadgets additionally help patients in the recuperation procedure. They incorporate fans, electronic beds, PCs, DVD players, play station, pulse screens, ultrasound frameworks, crisis oxygen frameworks, and dental instruments among others (clark, 2009). Spending arranging and Cost gauges Buildings being used expect transformation to clinical office, which denotes the beginning of spending arranging. The financial plan should deal with materials, wages, transport, and design costs. Establishment of clinical types of gear is after fruition of the change procedure. The job of partners The partners of a clinical office are the network and inside partners Tregunno (2004). Individuals working in the office, for example, specialists, medical attendants and cooks frames some portion of within partner. Doctors guarantee structure of clinical offices in a manner that advances the prosperity of the patient as well as their own prosperity. Medical caretakers require an office that will empower them give the best consideration to patients Kunders (2004). Specialists give clinical consideration and they endorse medication to patients. The people group partners guarantee that there is sufficient flexibly of medication, food, security and there is adherence to government approaches. The consideration faculty ensure the office guarantees most extreme cooperation among medical attendants and doctors. The office ought to guarantee outside partners like crisis staff have simple access to the office to upgrade tolerant consideration. The outside partners anticipate an office that is receptive to their necessities and an office that doesn't hurt them. The office should address the issues of the encompassing partners Kunders (2004)Advertising Searching for inquire about paper on business financial matters? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Gantt diagram References Clark, W. (2009). The Gantt chart:a working instrument of the executives. London: Pitman. Recovered from https://books.google.com/books?id=m6ZgAAAAMAAJq=The+Gantt+chart:a+working+tool+of+management Kunders, G. (2004). Emergency clinics: Facilities Planning and Management. New York: Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Recovered from https://books.google.com/books?id=SE8p0Xrn3kwCpg=PR3lpg=PR3dq=Hospitals:+Facilities+Planning+and+Management Tregunno, D. (2004). Wellbeing, Nursing Environmental Studies. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Recovered from http://health.info.yorku.ca/wellbeing profiles/index.php?mid=427563

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Operations Management Coursework on Night Club Events - 1

Tasks Management on Night Club Events - Coursework Example Chances that the super force would reduce in the following decades are obviously high. The best situated nations to challenge America’s conspicuousness are found in East Asia and universally by China. (Abdelnour, Wesley and Herman pg57) It is accepted that if Chinas monetary development proceeds reliably the following two decades just in a similar pace as the most recent two decades, at that point it would outperform and match the United States of America as far as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) .GDP isn't estimated as far as dollar yet as far as buying power equality. Regardless of whether Chinas financial status doesn't arrive at the Americas principles, it is eminent that the development has made a central political motivation in the whole East Asia. The monetary clout expands East Asia influencing both incredible forces and the creating nations because of energy for crude materials and serious costs for minimal effort products. China is steadfast in ascending the mechanical stepping stool, a reasonable sign that it may influence United States of America financially. As of now China is viewed as the most prevailing military powerhouse in the whole East Asia in this manner making critical steps making greatness in t he military. The strained connection among USA and Russia has been fuelled by Americans enthusiasm for Crimea as to the assents that have been joined to Russia as of late by President Barrack Obama of the United States. A few banks have been boycotted by the US government following the Russian invasions in Ukraine. Dominant part of Russian businesspeople in the United States who have close connections with Vladimir Putin have been removed from the nation. President Obama has likewise accompanied methodologies to tame a few pieces of the Russian economy including both the oil and gas enterprises which structure a lot of Russians send out. (Abdelnour, Wesley and Herman pg29) As indicated by President Barack Obama, the activity would meddle with the

Saturday, July 25, 2020

The Impact of Alcoholism on Society

The Impact of Alcoholism on Society Addiction Alcohol Use Print The Impact of Alcoholism on Society By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Updated on September 20, 2019 Richard Hutchings / Getty Images More in Addiction Alcohol Use Binge Drinking Withdrawal and Relapse Children of Alcoholics Drunk Driving Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery The real-world impact of alcohol abuse reaches far beyond the financial costs. When a loved one has a problem with alcohol, it can affect their marriage and their extended family. Theres also the larger impact on the community, schools, the workplace, the health care system and on society as a whole. How Alcoholism Affects Society Approximately 14 million people in the United States meet the criteria for severe alcohol use disorders and alcohol is involved in more than 88,000 deaths per year. But its not necessarily people who have alcohol addiction having the biggest impact on these figures. Its estimated that more than 75 percent of the cost of excessive alcohol consumption in the U.S. is due to binge drinking, and most binge drinkers are not alcohol-dependent. Financial Costs of Alcoholism According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the cost of excessive alcohol use in the U.S. alone exceeds $200 billion annually. More than 70 percent of that is attributed to binge drinking, defined as four or more alcoholic beverages per occasion for women or five or more drinks per occasion for men. The CDC estimates that 40 percent of the cost of excessive alcohol consumption is paid by federal, state, and local governments. The biggest cost is loss of workplace productivity. Healthcare costs, crime and law enforcement, as well as motor vehicle crashes are also among the top alcohol-related expenses. The CDC estimates that these figures are all underestimated because alcohols involvement in sickness, injury, and death is not always available or reported. These figures also do not include some medical and mental health conditions that are the result of alcohol abuse. Also not included in these figures are the work days that family members miss due to the alcohol problems of a loved one. Healthcare Costs of Alcohol Abuse Alcohol consumption is a risk factor in 25 chronic diseases and conditions, and alcohol plays a significant role in certain cancers, psychiatric conditions, and numerous cardiovascular and digestive diseases. Additionally, alcohol consumption can increase the risk of diabetes, stroke, and heart disease. The majority of the estimated $28 billion spent each year on alcohol-related health care  goes toward the treatment of unintentional and intentional alcohol-related injuries. How Alcohol Intoxication Increases Injury Risk Alcohol-Related Aggression and Violence Along with unintentional injury, alcohol plays a significant role in intentional injuries as a result of aggression and violence. Alcohol has been linked to physical violence by a variety of research studies. On top of the healthcare cost of alcohol-related intentional violence in the United States, the estimated annual cost to the criminal justice system is another estimated $25 billion. Effect of Alcoholism on the Family The social impact of alcohol abuse is a separate issue from the financial costs involved, and that impact begins in the home, extends into the community, and often affects society as a whole, much like the financial impact does. Alcoholism as a Family Disease Research on the effects of alcohol abuse on families shows that alcohol abuse and addiction plays a role in intimate partner violence, causes families financial problems, impairs decision-making skills, and plays a role in child neglect and abuse. As with the financial costs of alcohol abuse, studies have found occasional binge drinking can affect families also. One study revealed that spousal violence is more likely not only when a partner is alcohol dependent or a problem drinker, but also when the partner is an infrequent drinker who occasionally drinks heavily. Effects of Alcohol Abuse on Children Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is one of the most common direct consequences of parental alcohol use in the United States, caused by alcohol consumption by the mother during pregnancy. Children with FAS display a variety of symptoms, many of which are life-long and permanent. Children who grow up in a home with a loved one dealing with alcohol addiction may be affected as well; they are likely to develop alcohol use disorders themselves. Growing up in a home where at least one parent has a severe alcohol use disorder can increase a childs chances of developing psychological and emotional problems. Challenges Faced by Children of Alcoholics

Friday, May 22, 2020

African American Slave By Tom Elice - 851 Words

We re lucky to be living in a time where everyone has freedom of speech and is treated equally, but in the past that was not the case for slaves. Slavery can be dated back in the 16th century and was practiced throughout North America by the 17th and 18th century. Essentially slavery was a popular societal act that was used to dehumanize people that were under the social status line. Many slaves endured a horrific life whether it was working in extreme labor or being abused physically and verbally. The memoirs of slaves such as Tom Elice shows us personal experiences of the slaves that were able to escape and start over successfully which gives us something to be hopeful for in the future. Tom Elice an African American slave, was one of the successful ones to escape slavery in America and came to Canada for refuge. Upon his arrival he found out that there were other slaves living in Upper Canada as well. After he settled down in Chatham, Canada, he proceeded to writing a letter on July 9 1834 to a woman named Mary Warner and told her about his discovery of other slaves and how he was doing well so far. This letter had no arguments, it was a simple update letter for Mary Warner to let her know that he made it safely to Canada and although Tom is now a free man, both Tom and Mary knew that he cannot come back to visit because if he does he would be captured again and all of that escaping would have been for nothing. Overall, this source was intended for Mary Warner only, but

Friday, May 8, 2020

Understanding Sexual Addiction Essay - 1268 Words

The many personalities of this world are phenomenal because they are all so different. Not one individual is the same, and that is one thing that makes the human brain as fascinating as it is. The human brain is quite beautiful; unfortunately, biochemical or other brain changes can alter proper functioning of the human brain, leading to mental disorders or diseases. Sexual addiction, although not always recognized, is a severe condition which affects many. Sexual addiction should be widely acknowledged as a severe issue because of its impact on the addicts nervous system, the root of its development, and its relevance to human behavior. What is sex addiction? The term sexual addiction is used to explain the behavior of a person who†¦show more content†¦Rather, the pursuit of sex is in service of a different goal - to dispel feelings of inadequacy, depression, anxiety, rage or other feelings that the sex addict experiences as unbearable. Like a drug addict or alcoholic, the sex addict relentlessly seeks satisfaction from an external source to palliate internal pain (Praver, Francis Cohen, Ph.D). A continuous cycle of searching for comfort by engaging in sexual activity is a never ending battle because it is caused by factors which the addict had little control of as a child. Sexual addiction must be seen as a serious condition because of its affect on the nervous system and because of how it was developed in the first place. There is a close relation between adult sexual addiction and childhood abuse. Any unhealthy relationships that a child is exposed to can trigger the development of unusual sexual behavior which follows them into adulthood. These fragile victims at some point must come to the reality that they had no control over what they were exposed to. More likely than not, all sex addicts have admitted to being abused as children; 97 percent being emotional, 71 percent being physical, and 83 percent being sexual. Other factors that might assist in developing an unhealthy hunger for sex can be what is described as a needy mother. According to Frances Cohen Praver, Ph.D, the relationship between a child and mother who uses the child to soothe her own emotional problems can leave aShow MoreRelatedUnderstanding Sexual Addiction Essay890 Words   |  4 PagesBefore one can begin to understand the complexities of sexual addiction it must be adequately defined. The National Council on Sexual Addiction and Compulsivity has defined sexual addiction as â€Å"engaging in persistent and escalating patterns of sexual behavior acted out despite increasing negative consequences to self and others.† (Herkov) It is important to note that this means that sexual addiction isn’t just the desire to have sex more than normal but also that the addict engages in activitiesRead MoreReaction Paper To Healing The Wounds Of Sexual Addiction1638 Words   |  7 PagesHealing the Wounds of Sexual Addiction Tiffany Carthins Liberty University Abstract Dr. Laaser (2004) provides a detailed look into sexual addiction from a Christian viewpoint in Healing Wounds of Sexual Addiction. The focus of this assignment will be to gain knowledge of what sexual addiction is, how family dynamics are affected, treatment of sexual addiction, and lastly addressing sexual addiction in the church. Exploring the different areas of how sexual addiction and how it can affectRead MoreEssay on Critical Book Review1166 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Critical Book Review Healing the Wounds of Sexual Addiction Michelle Beel Liberty University Psych 307 Summary Dr. Mark Lasser’s book â€Å"Healing the Wounds of Sexual Addiction† gives insight to those who suffer from sexual addiction and to the families, friends and other people in their lives. Dr. Mark Lasser has chosen to write this book, to share with others his personal struggle and victory with sexual addiction. Dr. Lasser has written this book from a Christian view, toRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Healing The Wounds Of Sexual Addiction By Dr. Mark R.1667 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract This critical review will attempt to summarize the book â€Å"Healing the Wounds of Sexual Addiction† written by, Dr. Mark R. Laaser, highlighting all the central themes and giving an in-depth analysis of Dr. Laaser’s work on the subject of sexual addiction. It will give his perspective and evidence to support it from the book and other sources. In this review, you will find that Dr. Laaser has added valuable insight to the subject on a personal level. It will also show how Dr. Laaser’s faithRead MoreEssay about Critical Book Review1170 Words   |  5 PagesCritical Book Review Healing the Wounds of Sexual Addiction Michelle Beel Liberty University Psych 307 Summary Dr. Mark Lasser’s book â€Å"Healing the Wounds of Sexual Addiction† gives insight to those who suffer from sexual addiction and to the families, friends and other people in their lives. Dr. Mark Lasser has chosen to write this book, to share with others his personal struggle and victory with sexual addiction. Dr. Lasser has written this book from a Christian view, to give other individualsRead MoreSexual Addiction Among Christians And Sexual Abuse1080 Words   |  5 Pagesbeing bombarded with sexual content. It is nearly impossible to surf the internet without coming across some kind of sexually explicit content. Sex is everywhere and it is no longer hard for anyone to get access to content that no one should be looking at. â€Å"Healing the wounds of Sexual Addiction is my attempt to examine and address the issue of sexual addiction among Christians. We will expose these secret sins to the light of the gospel and out best psychological understanding† (Laaser 2004, 15)Read MoreHyper Sexuality And Sex Addiction1655 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction Hyper sexual disorder/hyper sexuality , also commonly referred to as sexual addiction, is a condition diagnosed by psychiatrists and mental health researchers that plagues the addict with intensified and increased sexual impulses. These urges can lead to a significant increase in sexual activity.   Sex addiction is often thought to be synonymous with a high sex drive, but it is comparably as destructive and life altering as many other addictions. Research and studies show that thoseRead MoreSexual Addiction Essay1457 Words   |  6 PagesSexual Addition may be a common problem but it still remains a relatively understood condition characterized by strong sexual urges. In recent weeks, the issue has resurfaced. Last week, a Journalist Brian Alexander(2007), this psychological condition was once again questioned and the condition was described as such: Sexual addiction is defined as any sexually-related, compulsive behavior which interferes with normal living and causes severe stre ss on family, friends, loved ones and ones workRead MoreThe Management Of A Patient With Compulsive Sexual Behavior1077 Words   |  5 Pagespatient with compulsive sexual behavior requires an understanding of the complete profile of the sexually compulsive or addicted patient. This treatment plan will summarize the patients characteristics as revealed by Bill’s case (page 31 from Clinical Management of Sexual Addiction by Carnes and Adams) and their implications for treatment. Section I: DSM-V Diagnosis (Dx) With the help of greater awareness of sexual exploitation and sexual misconducts more cases of sexual compulsivity are broughtRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography on Infidelity968 Words   |  4 PagesShadows: Understanding Sexual Addiction† Minneapolis: CompCare, 1983. Patrick Carnes’ book offers a real life look at the problem of sexual addiction. He used the past experiences of others to write a book detailing the causes and effects of sexual addiction. Carnes explains how sexual addiction is a huge problem to all involved, not just the â€Å"offender†. He also explains how the addiction is a problem just like any other addictions. The book describes the danger of addictions to humans

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

“A business report of E-commerce for VG Jones” Free Essays

Electronic commerce on the Internet will, before the end of the century, profoundly redefine many basics of business. A fundamental new rule for business is that the Internet changes everything. Internet-driven electronic commerce is essential for organizations entering a virtual distribution marketplace and wishing to survive in it. We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"A business report of E-commerce for VG Jones† or any similar topic only for you Order Now Just as â€Å"location, location, location† defines value in real estate, in business today it’s connectivity that equals competitiveness. Many Information Superhighway enthusiasts believe that networks of small firms or individuals constitute a new organizational form that will prove its superiority to both large, hierarchical corporations, on the one hand, and anarchical market relationships, on the other. Millions of consumers and businesses are waiting in line to participate in the expansion of intergalactic and gigantic virtual marketplaces. Most organizations now must compete in two marketplaces: a physical (traditional) one and the emerging electronic one, mediated by the Internet. The electronic highway is not merely open for business; it is relocating, restructuring, and literally redefining business in America.2 Analysis of Amazon.com Amazon.com Advantage is a proven and powerful means of distribution and order fulfillment. Work directly with the Internet’s leading retailer to market your products to customers.11 Access to tens of millions of Amazon.com customers around the world Leverage Amazon’s remarkable selling power with your whole catalog — including Not Yet Released and backlist items Your titles are eligible for Amazon’s world-class marketing programs like personalization and auto-merchandising Your products are available to ship to customers within 24 hours Control most aspects of your product’s Detail Pages Receive quick and easy payments when your products sell Enjoy limited returns Support from our member services team 7 days a week Log in to your online account to confirm POs, add titles, and review sales reports Launched in 1996, Associates is Amazon.com’s affiliate marketing program. By linking to Amazon products and services you can add compelling content for your site visitors enjoyment and receive up to 8.5% in referral fees for doing so. As one of the first online affiliate marketing programs, Associates has a 10-year track record of developing solutions to help website owners, Web developers, and Amazon sellers make money. Our latest innovations include aStore, Omakaseâ„ ¢ Links, and Product Previews. Current participants in the Amazon Associates program include large, well-known sites, niche content sites and blogs, comparison shopping engines, search engine marketers, and everything in between. Visit our Current Associates page to see how some of these members are using our solutions. How the Program Works Associates drive internet traffic to Amazon.com through specially formatted links that allow us to track sales and other activity. Associates earn up to 8.5% in referral fees on all qualifying revenue made through their links. We send quarterly payment to Associates. Once you join the program, we will give you access to Associates Central, our extranet exclusive to our Associates. This is the place where you will build your links, view your traffic and earnings reports, and read about the latest news and opportunities available to you through the program. 11 Participation is Easy and Free Complete the online application. Create post your links to Amazon.com using our Build Links tool in Associates Central. Begin tracking your traffic and earnings reports online. Reports are updated daily. Put Amazon.com Corporate Accounts to work for you! Whether you’re a purchasing manager, teacher or professor, small business owner, librarian, clergy member, or government worker, our Corporate Accounts program enables you to purchase everything you need quickly, easily, and conveniently. For a limited time, we’re offering mylar jackets for no additional cost. To take advantage of this offer, simply use the coupon code, OKUTFCMX, when placing your order. Amazon can now integrate with major procurement systems like Ariba, SAP, Oracle and PeopleSoft. You can now have a customized Amazon website that fits your Intranet look and feel with a seamless integration to your procurement system.11 How to cite â€Å"A business report of E-commerce for VG Jones†, Papers

Monday, April 27, 2020

Subject Western Civilization World War II Title Did The Western Wo Essay Example For Students

Subject: Western Civilization World War II Title: Did The Western Wo Essay rld do enough for the Jews in the HolocaustWhen they came for the gypsies, I did not speak, for I am not a gypsy. When they came for the Jews, I did not speak, because I wasnt a Jew. When they came for the Catholics, I did not speak, for I am not a Catholic. And when they came for me, there was no one left to speak. -On the Wall at the Holocaust Museum in WashingtonIt is impossible to learn about the Holocaust and the Second World War without the question of how it possibly could have happened arising, and along with that question comes another. We will write a custom essay on Subject: Western Civilization World War II Title: Did The Western Wo specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The question of whether or not the Western World did enough to help the Jews in Europe. What was their reaction to the campaign of systematic persecution, robbery and murder the Third Reich inflicted upon the Jewish people?During the time leading up to the outbreak of World War II, the Western Press consistently carried numerous reports of the Germans anti-Jewish policies and their purposeful victimization of the Jews living in Nazi Germany as well as the annexed territories. The general public cannot claim that they did not know what was going on, that they were uninformed. Whether or not they chose to believe it however, is a completely different story. The public were indeed outraged in many of the cases but the governments of the major European democracies felt that it was not for them to intervene for they felt that the Jewish problem classified as an internal affair within a sovereign state. The truth behind this is simply that the governments were anxious to establish cordial relations with Germany and didnt want to cause any hostility. Thus they stood idly by and remained silent as Hitler went from denying the Jews of their civil rights to denying them of their means of earning their daily bread.As much as they wanted to remain neutral, the countries of the Western World were finally forced to take a stand on the issue of emigration of Jews from the Reich who were seeking refuge. The United States maintained strict immigration quotas which severely limited the number of Central and Eastern Europeans admitted to the country each year. Even under such extreme circumstances, the US insisted on adhering to these policies and refused to modify them even slightly. Great Britain proved to be merciless as they blocked entry into Palestine and limited the amount of entry permits. The states that had the ability to absorb the immigrants such as Australia, Canada and most countries of South America, accepted agricultural workers but denied entry to professionals, merchants and skilled artisans. There were actually protests in the US and Britain organized against the admission of immigrant doctors.The President of the United States initiated the Evian Conference in 1938 in an attempt to find a means that would aid emigrants from Germany and Austria and enable their absorption elsewhere. Thirty-two countries sent delegates with hopes that a solution would be found however, it quickly became clear to all that the even the great powers who had initiated the conference were not willing to take any significant steps towards accepting the refugees. Despite the speeches and the appeals, no one country was willing to commit themselves to practical measures, the smaller countries following the example of the larger ones. An international committee was set up in London for refugee affairs but it lacked funding as well as a place towards where they could direct the refugees. It is evident here that it is not a lack of knowledge that something had to be done, but rather an unwillingness that prevented the Western World from helping the Jews. Words are just that, mere words, unless they are put into action. As a result, the Evian Conference is regarded as a complete failure. .u77e65acd2e572b2b6edbd3905a1cf111 , .u77e65acd2e572b2b6edbd3905a1cf111 .postImageUrl , .u77e65acd2e572b2b6edbd3905a1cf111 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u77e65acd2e572b2b6edbd3905a1cf111 , .u77e65acd2e572b2b6edbd3905a1cf111:hover , .u77e65acd2e572b2b6edbd3905a1cf111:visited , .u77e65acd2e572b2b6edbd3905a1cf111:active { border:0!important; } .u77e65acd2e572b2b6edbd3905a1cf111 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u77e65acd2e572b2b6edbd3905a1cf111 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u77e65acd2e572b2b6edbd3905a1cf111:active , .u77e65acd2e572b2b6edbd3905a1cf111:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u77e65acd2e572b2b6edbd3905a1cf111 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u77e65acd2e572b2b6edbd3905a1cf111 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u77e65acd2e572b2b6edbd3905a1cf111 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u77e65acd2e572b2b6edbd3905a1cf111 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u77e65acd2e572b2b6edbd3905a1cf111:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u77e65acd2e572b2b6edbd3905a1cf111 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u77e65acd2e572b2b6edbd3905a1cf111 .u77e65acd2e572b2b6edbd3905a1cf111-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u77e65acd2e572b2b6edbd3905a1cf111:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Media Violences - The Media and our Violent EssayOnce the war began, the comprehensive information regarding the conditions in Germany that the Western World had at one time been provided with, ceased. Still, news of the Einsatzgruppen s activities and the mass killings in the death camps found its way to the west. Up until the middle of the year 1942, the general tendency was to regard the consistent persecution of the Jews as just one part of the complex of oppression in the occupied countries. By the mid-1942 the horribly terrifying rumors about Hitlers Final Solution as well as the operations and atrocities being conducted were confirmed. Once again the reactions of the United States and Britain, who were the major countries of the anti-Nazi alliance, were of horror and anger. The Jews put forth plans to combat the Nazis persecution of their people such as a demand for the exchange of Germans for Jews or the launching of retaliation strikes against the Germans until the murders ceased. Not only were these proposals refused simple consideration, but there was not even a willingness to halt the formal procedures governing the transfer of dollars abroad which may have saved the lives of many Jews. All proposals which, if out into action, could have saved thousands of children and other victims, were submitted to administrations that merely contemplated rather than decided and thus, produced no tangible results. As Jews were fighting for their lives in Warsaw Ghetto, a conference of the major allies convened in Bermuda to consider the problem of refugees. As with the Evian Conference, no practical solutions were proposed, The only thing it did accomplish was an attempt at reviving the International Committee for Refugee Affairs, which had no executive powers.Finally, the conclusion of the Allies was that rescue would only be accomplished through a final victory over the Nazis. It was decided that in the meantime, no military action should be taken which was not part of the purely military-strategic plan. This policy was strictly adhered to and therefore no operation for relief or rescue was undertaken, even if such an action did not conflict with military objectives or require the use of military power.He who preserves one life, it as if he has preserved an entire world. The Talmud. Anytime the world stands idly by and remains silent as 6 000 000 worlds are shattered, not only did they fail to come up with a solution, but they became a part of the problem. Hitler attempted to erase an entire race of people, because of him there was a generation lost. My entire grandparents family was murdered and many of their friends still bear the numbers that were etched into their skin. They have endured nightmarish atrocities not fit for the world of the awake. They have been witness to ideas, thoughts and actions one would deny human beings capability of even imagining. Their eyes have been robbed of their innocence after seeing sights that would cause anyone to shut them in fear and disgust but this was an option they did not have. Now you look into those eyes and you tell them that the Western World did all they could to help the Jews.

Thursday, March 19, 2020

The circumstances of globalization Essays

The circumstances of globalization Essays The circumstances of globalization Essay The circumstances of globalization Essay Introduction Under the fortunes of globalisation, the demand for high-quality and high- velocity interlingual renditions has been increasing worldwide. Satisfying these demands may ensue of the increasing of clip and cost for transcribers and interlingual rendition companies. Thus how heighten the quality and productiveness with low cost is one of the jobs. In order to accomplish the clip and cost economy, the computing machine assisted interlingual rendition ( CAT ) tools is playing an of import function in interlingual rendition industry. The CAT tools enabling to cover the whole interlingual rendition procedure at a clip has been created and commercialized by the linguistic communication industry in recent decennaries ( Austermuhl, 2001 ) . Amongst interlingual rendition tools, interlingual rendition memory ( TM ) systems are considered as the effectual tools due to increasing interlingual rendition productiveness by offering old interlingual rendition automatically ( Austermuhl, 2001 ) . Howe ver, there are assorted TM systems worldwide and which is the most effectual may change depends on single demands such as linguistic communication system or text types. This essay will try to measure two TM systems, SDL Trados Studio and Wordfast authoritative, by comparing each characteristic of operational maps. To compare and measure two TM systems, the construct of TM systems, characteristics of several TM systems foremost will be explained as background cognition of the treatment in this essay. The lineation of TM systems Translation memory is a database of multilingual texts which allow to storage both the beginning and mark text sections in analogue and retrieved conformity with the set standards ( Austermuhl 2001 cites Expert Advisory Group on Language Engineering Standards, EAGLES ) . Namely, the mark text is foremost divided into section units and stored in TM through interlingual rendition procedure. These stored sections are available to be reused for the new interlingual rendition undertaking. If the sections stored in TM are absolutely matched or similar to the new beginning text, TM offers the old interlingual renditions automatically to a transcriber. The transcriber can make up ones mind whether these offered interlingual renditions should be accepted or non. Besides it is possible to revise the old interlingual renditions in TM through and after interlingual rendition. Esselink ( 2000 ) points out some disadvantage of TM as follows: The Final layout of translated text is non displayed until completing the interlingual rendition. In this instance, proofreading after the interlingual rendition is required. Some jobs may happen in TM direction, particularly in the instance of multilingual undertaking. Revising TM after re-converted into the original manner is non available, viz. , in order to update TM, the translated file is required to be converted into TM s acceptable format once more. Time devouring due to the demand of change overing the beginning text into the appropriate format for interlingual rendition. TM filter is non updated when the beginning text is a new file format. As a consequence, some agreement is required in order to be accepted. Changing the construction of the text is non available within paragraph. It is necessary to make the file filter depend on the file format if it is different from the default. Sing above references, he ( 2000 ) suggests that the stuff text should be examined before interlingual rendition, and transcribers should make up ones mind whether to utilize TM, because in some instances, interpreting without TM is more effectual than utilizing TM system. Meanwhile, TM has recognized as effectual and time-saving engineering for monolithic interlingual renditions, particularly proficient or manual text which include some insistent usage of proficient nomenclature ( Mitkov 2007 ) . This is largely due to the effectivity against cut downing duplicative work and to heighten the uniformity of footings. For illustration, in the instance of the uninterrupted interlingual rendition undertaking of the specific field, the TM is offered to the transcriber and the proficient footings will be transferred from TM exactly to the new beginning text. By this agencies, TM allows transcribers to portion the alone nomenclature used in the specific field and contributes to keep the interlingual rendition quality. The specific characteristics of Wordfast Classic TM operational maps Wordfast Classic is defined as a CAT tool designed as a Microsoft Wordâ„ ¢ add-on. Its lightweight, flexible construction makes it easy to put in and utilize ( Wordfast 2010 ) . This CAT tool comprises some utile operational maps, such as nomenclature direction, importing exporting glossary and TM, papers transition, analysis and alliance ( Wordfast 2010 ) . Amongst the operational maps, some good characteristics of Wordfast Classic will be explained here. ITI Bulletin ( 2006 ) points out that Wordfast Classic is simple to utilize, which can non merely use to Word but besides to Power Point, Access and Excel files by linking straight with Word application interface. It is besides compatible with other machine interlingual rendition plans such as PowerTranslatorâ„ ¢ and other CAT tools such as Trados, by change overing TM into another format which is appropriate for several plan and exporting it ( ITI Bulletin 2006 ) . Importing other TM to Wordfast is besides available ( ITI Bulletin 2006 ) . In add-on, alignment map allows redacting the interlingual rendition stored in TM after interlingual rendition. Since this CAT tool is available of free download to have computing machine with some restrictions, those who are sing to utilize this tool can seek and analyze how utile or non for them before paid enrollment ( ITI Bulletin 2006 ) . If download PlusToolsâ„ ¢ and circuit board to the beginning papers, Wordfast Classic is available for a assortment of file format from HTML/ XLM to other labeled files ( Miller 2002 ) . However, there are some of import reminders for utilizing Wordfast Classic. One of them is that it is necessary to make clean-up TM after interlingual rendition for updating the TM database ( Miller 2002 ) . Since database is stored as txt. format, revising the translated text is possible without Wordfast ( Miller 2002 ) . Thus transcribers tend to bury to update TM and glossary. As a consequence, the truth of TM will be lost and TM can non use to other new interlingual rendition undertaking. The specific characteristics of Trados TM operational maps Trados TM which consisting the beginning and mark sections, is created in the Translation Memories position ( Trados 2010 ) . Respective section brace of the beginning and mark is called a interlingual rendition unit and it is possible to add some information for each interlingual rendition unit such as when it was created and updated, and who created it ( Trados 2010 ) . Thus it might be utile to pull off the interlingual rendition history. The interlingual rendition unit is displayed in analogue, which is contributing to comparing of the beginning and mark section when redaction. There are three types of fiting map: fuzzy, context and 100 % lucifer ( Trados 2010 ) . Although the default of Fuzzy fiting rate is set at 70 % or over, this rate is able to be changed ( Trados 2010 ) . Context lucifer is applied when the beginning text and TM section lucifer absolutely and have the same context ( Trados 2010 ) . 100 % lucifer means the beginning text section lucifer precisely with the TM section ( Trados 2010 ) . In footings of the cleavage, Trados can custom-make the cleavage regulations depend on several linguistic communications ; Chinese, French, English, German, Spanish and Japanese, which are supported by Trados ( Trados 2010 ) . Therefore, there is non required to set the cleavage each clip. As mentioned above, fuzzed lucifer is applied when the matching rate is 70 % or over ( Trados 2010 ) . This indicates that if the fiting rate between the beginning and the TM section is less than 70 % , TM will non return any interlingual rendition ( Trados 2010 ) . Therefore, if preferring more or less than 70 % duplicate customise of the fuzzed matching rate should be required. Comparison of characteristic between Wordfast and Trados TM With the avobe description as background, the characteristic of Wordfast and Trados TM will be compared and assessed. First of all, in footings of utilizing TM in othe tranlation tools, both Wordfast and Trados can import/ export TM database by change overing the file type into the acceptable format for several TM. For illustration, Wordfast TM is stored in txt. format, while Trados TM is stored in sdltm. format. If change overing Trados TM to Wardfast, it is necessary to export to a tmx.file. Then open it with MS Word and unfastened Wordfast, so choose it as TM. Likewise, Wordfast besides can export its TM by change overing TM into tmx.format, unfastened Trados, making new empty TM and import the txt.file. Second, although making or opening Wordfast TM is about every bit simple as that of Trados, Trados TM is enriched with assorted optional maps, such as Enable character-based harmony hunt and fuzzed lucifer threshold, compared with Wordfast. However, when compareing the beginning section with mark section for translaiton, Wordfast seems to be more utile than Trados. In wordfast, the section is highlighted with grey colour and it is non allowed to leap sentences till snap the icon which represent to confirmation each clip. By contrast, Trados does non hold any specific maps which privent from traveling to the following section. As a consequence, jumping section sometimes occur in Trados. Since by and large interlingual rendition undertaking have a inclination to demand for high-velocity and quality, transcribers are frequently forced to work long hours a twenty-four hours. This will ensue in a higher rate of interlingual rendition escape. Finally, while Wordfast can non let a user to corroborate the translated text layout during interlingual rendition, Trados can expose the finished interlingual rendition within the edditing window. Therefore, the TM user can available to corroborate the translated text layout even during interlingual rendition. This show map of Trados might be effectual to clip economy, because the mistranslations or text layout and presentation can be recognized easy and interpreting and modifying can be available at the same time in the redaction window. Decision Although Wordfast and Trados portion certain simiralities in those operational maps such as the handiness of importing/ exporting TM, some virtue and demerit of several TM were besides recognized. It is hard to urge which is more first-class CAT tool, bacause the detarmination of virtue and demerit is affected by the state of affairs. In the instance of the monolithic interlingual rendition squad undertaking, Trados may be more effectual than Wordfast due to a assortment of optional map. On the contrary, if interpreting comparatively simple and short text, Wordfast may be convenience due to its simpleness of plan constellation procedure. Therfore, it might be important to analyze which CAT tool is suited for the interlingual rendition text or undertaking.

Tuesday, March 3, 2020

Narrative Essay Example College

Narrative Essay Example College Typically, narrative essays are not very popular in school and in college. You are more likely to be assigned to write evaluation, argumentative or persuasive essays. So if you feel you do not know where to start from, you might need to find a good narrative essay example college. It will give you a general idea of how your own paper should be like. If you are stuck with your paper and you cannot write a single word, if you feel frustrated because of the close deadline, do not waste time and contact us. We know what to do to save you out of trouble; we work 24/7 to provide you with qualified academic writing assistance whenever you need it. Students’ success is our main aim. Our habitual clients appreciate our efforts and come back again with the new assignments. Well, what useful ideas can you find in a good narrative essay example college? Write a story You are not required to do much research. Typically, when assigning this kind of paper, your teacher wants to evaluate your command of written English, your knowledge of grammar and punctuation. So, just think about a story you can present in your paper. Probably, if you search in your memory for a while, you will be able to recollect a lot of fascinating childhood stories. You can write a funny story about your pet, or a sad story about undivided love, or anything you find interesting. You have a chance to entertain your teacher and yourself, so why not use it? Mind your language If you want to include a dialogue in your narration in order to create a vivid picture in your reader’ mind, you can use colloquial language. However, in the rest of the paper avoid using colloquial words, slang, short word forms etc. While writing, keep at the forefront of your mind that your work is still an academic paper, so it is important to follow the rules of academic writing. Correct grammar and punctuation are very important for success of your paper. Get feedback As you see from the narrative essay example college you have found online, this task is creative writing, so it is important to get response of people whose opinion you can trust. For example, read the paper to your parents, they can probably give you some useful hints on how to improve your paper. Try to produce the best paper you possibly can; rewrite it until you see it is almost perfect. If you are deeply satisfied with the result of your thorough work, your teacher will definitely like it too.

Saturday, February 15, 2020

The Untouchables on Wall Street Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Untouchables on Wall Street - Essay Example ated by a different sense of what constitutes legitimate profitable transactions and so they try to game or con the whole financial system operating on Wall Street. Any hints of possible wrongdoing can ruin the investment climate with serious consequences for employees and the whole economy. I consider these two aspects as extremely important because America was founded and grew on its democratic institutions including a free-market capitalist economy based on investor confidence. Question 2: The two most important things about government today are its failures to regulate Wall Street and the financial industry in particular, and secondly, government regulatory agencies were caught sleeping on the job and even now with plenty of evidence of fraud, is still very reluctant to bring cases and charges against those who caused the financial crisis of 2008. It is clear that the U.S. government is beholden to the titans of Wall Street as many politicians owe a lot of campaign contributions from these same Wall Street executives and so the DOJ is to handle these cases with kid gloves or even worse, delay filing the cases altogether which is why up to now, there is no big fish or top Wall Street executive who has been sent to jail. What is now important is that justice is elusive for many burnt investors who lost their shirts and savings. On another note, the video shows government makes compromises that renders justice to be

The Untouchables on Wall Street Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Untouchables on Wall Street - Essay Example ated by a different sense of what constitutes legitimate profitable transactions and so they try to game or con the whole financial system operating on Wall Street. Any hints of possible wrongdoing can ruin the investment climate with serious consequences for employees and the whole economy. I consider these two aspects as extremely important because America was founded and grew on its democratic institutions including a free-market capitalist economy based on investor confidence. Question 2: The two most important things about government today are its failures to regulate Wall Street and the financial industry in particular, and secondly, government regulatory agencies were caught sleeping on the job and even now with plenty of evidence of fraud, is still very reluctant to bring cases and charges against those who caused the financial crisis of 2008. It is clear that the U.S. government is beholden to the titans of Wall Street as many politicians owe a lot of campaign contributions from these same Wall Street executives and so the DOJ is to handle these cases with kid gloves or even worse, delay filing the cases altogether which is why up to now, there is no big fish or top Wall Street executive who has been sent to jail. What is now important is that justice is elusive for many burnt investors who lost their shirts and savings. On another note, the video shows government makes compromises that renders justice to be

The Untouchables on Wall Street Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Untouchables on Wall Street - Essay Example ated by a different sense of what constitutes legitimate profitable transactions and so they try to game or con the whole financial system operating on Wall Street. Any hints of possible wrongdoing can ruin the investment climate with serious consequences for employees and the whole economy. I consider these two aspects as extremely important because America was founded and grew on its democratic institutions including a free-market capitalist economy based on investor confidence. Question 2: The two most important things about government today are its failures to regulate Wall Street and the financial industry in particular, and secondly, government regulatory agencies were caught sleeping on the job and even now with plenty of evidence of fraud, is still very reluctant to bring cases and charges against those who caused the financial crisis of 2008. It is clear that the U.S. government is beholden to the titans of Wall Street as many politicians owe a lot of campaign contributions from these same Wall Street executives and so the DOJ is to handle these cases with kid gloves or even worse, delay filing the cases altogether which is why up to now, there is no big fish or top Wall Street executive who has been sent to jail. What is now important is that justice is elusive for many burnt investors who lost their shirts and savings. On another note, the video shows government makes compromises that renders justice to be

Sunday, February 2, 2020

Theories of Gender and development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Theories of Gender and development - Essay Example Emphasis will also be made to shade light on some of the critiquing approaches to development. This will be done in comparison to the effect of colonial masters in their application of mode of production as a bench mark to the contemporary culture. â€Å"†¦revealing the workings of power and the capitalist mode of production† (Smith 84). Women have for a long time been undermined in most nations. The gender discrimination has been felt by most women in the society with severity varying from country to country and from time to time. For instance, in India, according to the census conducted in 1972, about 94% of women were either employed in the informal sectors working in farms and handicrafts or remained at home taking care of the family. Because early crusaders for women equality were not vocal enough in ensuring that women were given equal opportunity in matters of employment, women accepted the existence of the initial development initiative without question. Therefore , the WID approach did little to improve the social and economic status of women. The situation has however improved given the fact that society has began to recognize women in matters development. In its approach, the WID has very much concentrated on working with women by empowering them by offering development opportunities to them through work related approaches so that women can concentrate less on home based economic activities and concentrate more on income generating activities (D'Agostino and Levine 34). Whereas Women in Development approach focuses on empowering women through self reliance projects and gender identity, Gender Development draws its focus on the gender perspective where the social and economic roles are looked at from the gender perspective rather than from the sexist approach. Gender analysis approach with respect to Gender and Development, however, explains how development projects can be pushed in the society so that focus is not placed on women alone but rather on the relationships between men and women. This approach is however not very much different from the initial WID approach, the difference lies in the integration of women in development projects without isolation. This incorporation of women and men in economic development is essential to ensure that as men make yards of progress in their areas of income, women also do the same. This focus in relationship between men and women is useful at the family level. For example, if I am married and own a handcart that I use for transportation, I shall have relieved my wife of the cost, energy and time for transporting, say her goo ds to the market. This is what Gender Development advocates for. In totality, I believe the Gender Development approach has advantage over the WID approach because of the pattern it follows in the integration of women in activities that are male dominated so that both can help in matters of national development instead of putting much weight on women alone. It is the Gender Development that has gained recognition worldwide and most nations are enthusiastic in adopting it so as to improve on the per capita income of the citizen. WID has rather decided to remain relevant by advocating for what women can do in order to promote development (Razavi and Miller 19). However, there have emerged various critiques to the GAD and the WID approaches by various scholars

Saturday, January 25, 2020

Aims and outcomes of the Quantitative Revolution in geography

Aims and outcomes of the Quantitative Revolution in geography The Quantitative Revolution in geography refers to the era in the 1950s and 60s when the subject adjusted to a more scientific approach seeking objectivity in the testing of hypotheses and theories. A series of statistical and mathematical techniques and abstract models were adopted leading to a radical transformation of spirit and purpose (Burton, 1963, p151) in Anglo-American geography. As a part of this revolution the old ideographic geography based around areal differentiation and regional geography was displaced. Regional geography was heavily criticised for being too specific and incapable of contributing towards effective generalisation. Both Bunge (1962) and Haggett (1965) argued that one can do little with the unique except contemplate its uniqueness. Thus, the aims of the quantitative revolution were to overcome this specificity and establish nomothetic (universal/general) model-based paradigms. However, as this essay will show, the quantitative revolution was itself as nar rowly focussed and blinkered as the regional geography it replaced. Nevertheless, it did provide greater theoretical awareness within the subject meaning that today this awareness no longer hinges on a simple ideographic-nomothetic binary. Instead, interest in the philosophy of realism and a more focussed contextual approach to geography, together with a critique of grand theory and an interest in situated knowledges, has produced a more nuanced understanding of both the powers and limits of theory. The quantitative revolution was formulated around the paradigm of spatial science associated with the philosophy of positivism (the advancement of science through the formal construction of theories and scientific laws). Spatial science involved the presentation of human geography as a key component of social science, which concentrates on the role of space as the fundamental variable influencing both societys organisation and operation and the behaviour of its individual members (Cox, 1976). Berry and Marble (1968) expressed the goal of spatial science as building accurate generalisations with predictive power by precise quantitative description of spatial distributions, spatial structure and organisation, and spatial relationships. The revolution also strongly influenced physical geography involving the widespread adoption of abstract modelling techniques and scientific methodology in order to reaffirm geographys status as a respected scientific discipline. This had a huge impact upon the subject as a whole, leading to David Harvey (1986) coining the famous slogan by our models you shall know us. However, as many geographers such as Chrisholm (1975) have argued, the phrase quantitative revolution is something of a misnomer. This is due to the fact that geography has in reality been quantitative since the nineteenth century and its formal institutionalisation. For example, The Royal Geographic Society as a centre of calculation (Latour, 1987) involving the assimilation of maps, tables, figures and statistics. As Chrisholm argues, the widespread use of formal statistical techniques from the 1950s to the present day therefore represents more of an evolution than a revolution. Similarly, the significance of the 1950s was not the introduction of numbers per se, but the introduction of theory: it was thus much more of a theoretical revolution. It is this theoretical aspect which has been the most enduring legacy. Before the 1950s geography (human especially) was resolutely atheoretical. With the quantitative revolution, however, a flood of theoretical models from other disciplines were imported and applied. From physics came gravity, from economics spatial science and the holy trinity of Von Thunen, Weber and Loschs models, from sociology the Chicago School and from geometry networks and graph theory. These theories, among many others, were thus applied through an innovative set of practises stemming from a distinct set of technical and theoretical competencies. Both physical and human geography thus shifted away from field-based inquiry to technical, desk-bound roles involving analysis from afar. However, just as the strive for positivism, empiricism, exclusivity, autonomy and universality were the keys aims of the quantitative revolution, they all ultimately culminated in its downfall and critique. By the late 1960s and early 1970s these once-compelling arguments began to slip and with them the grip of the revolution. A different kind of world was emerging at this time that was much less innocent and more restless than before. Huge debates were raging concerning issues of poverty, racial equality, war, gender, environment and civil rights that the quantitative revolution seemed both unable and unwilling to address. Quantitative geographers were thus left somewhat flat-footed in terms of their relevance to this debate. As David Harvey (1973; p129) damningly put it there is an ecological problem, an urban problem, an international trade problem, and yet we seem incapable of saying anything of depth or profundity about any of them. The Quantitative Revolution was thus ripe for an overthrow (Harvey, 1973; p129). The theoretical vocabulary, however, persisted, with a shift towards Marxist concepts and a more radical geography. Human geographers thus argued the discipline should be formulated around situated knowledges based on local cultures, customs and specifics. Based upon poststructuralist and post-modern ideologies they argued instead of concentrating on the universal and global, it was important to attend to the play of different interests from different positions and in different voices. They argued for the reinstatement of the social foundations and responsibilities of intellectual inquiry and refusal to separate science from discourse more generally. Consequently, although no doubt many geographers continue to think of themselves as social scientists, many do not, emphasising their role at the heart of the humanities. In either case, however, probably very few count themselves as positivists. This has ultimately culminated in widening of the gap between the physical and human aspects of the discipline. This is largely due to the fact that so much of physical geography remained largely unaffected by, and indifferent to, the arguments forwarded by the humanists and the critique of the Quantitative Revolution at large. Thus, in the modern era, there is no doubting the fact the connections between the disciplines of human geography and physical geography are much more tenuous. From this perspective, the outcome of the Quantitative Revolution can therefore be seen as profound, highlighting the ultimate question in geography. What does the discipline really entail and can the increasingly disparate human and physical elements continue to operate under the same umbrella?

Friday, January 17, 2020

Helter Skelter Book Report

The year was 1969, and in early August seven people were brutally murdered; words like â€Å"Pig,† â€Å"Healter Skelter† and â€Å"Rise† were found printed in blood at the crime scenes. Eventually it is discovered that the perpetrators of these horrific crimes are cult members living on the outskirts of society, led by a man named Charles Manson. But who is Charles Manson? Charles Manson is a monster, certainly, but as a monster he offers us a unique look into the human mind. This semester we have learned about the many different types of people who may engage in individual forms of interpersonal violence. Charles Manson however, provides us the case study of a man whose life revolved around interpersonal violence in all its manifestations. There was nothing this man wouldn’t do to reach his goals – he would rape, murder, manipulate, and lie – all in the name of his personal ambitions. In Vincent Bugliosi’s book, Helter Skelter: The True Story of the Manson Murders, the reader is provided a thorough explanation of how Manson developed his criminal lifestyle though the focus is on the famous murders he helped to commit as the leader of The Family and the process used to convict him. After a brief comment about the book as a whole and its writing style and content, Manson’s connections to the subject of interpersonal violence will be examined. These connections include the subjects of child neglect, rape, domestic violence, and spiritual abuse. This book offers a huge amount of detail regarding how the Manson Family murders were committed, how the investigation proceeded and how the trial against Manson was won. To bring this history to life, Bugliosi organized his book into chapters ranging from one month to five month increments which serve to place the reader back in the summer of ’69 right after the Tate murders were committed, and take him or her all the way to the conclusion of the trial and its aftermath. While this level of detail and careful organization is very good at informing the reader of the details of Manson’s crimes and how he got convicted, I believe that most important is the analysis of Manson’s life in regards to interpersonal violence. Therefore, I will focus only on the summary of Manson’s life provided in the book, as well as his methods for building and controlling his Family. Since this book was written by a lawyer (Mr. Bugliosi was the prosecuting attorney in the Manson case), one might think that Helter Skelter might be rather boring i. e. totally fact driven and concerned with the technical aspects of the Manson trial as Mr. Bugliosi experienced them. This book is certainly very concerned with the facts, and Bugliosi even provides the time that many events took place. The police investigation is especially explicit in this regard. For example, â€Å"about 1:30 that afternoon Lieutenant Burdick interviewed a girl who had been booked under the name Leslie Sankston,† (p. 121). This aspect of the book can be hard to get through at times, as there is a large cast of characters including suspects, law enforcement officials, witnesses and other ancillary characters whose actions and influences on the case are laid out in careful detail. It can be difficult to keep track of who provided what evidence or which Manson family member was or wasn’t involved in the group’s actions (to make matters worse many of the Family have multiple aliases and nicknames). However, despite some factual overload, Bugliosi does add some comments which add flavor and help the reader to understand what the murders meant for people living around Los Angeles at the time. For example, Bugliosi talks quite about how the general public and the media react to the murders, including details such as, â€Å"one Beverly Hills sporting goods store sold 200 firearms; prior to the murders, they averaged three or four a day,† (p. 73). This color commentary lifts the reader’s head out of the world of the murder investigation to remind them that outside of all this tragedy people were living their ordinary lives, and were obviously scared and nervous about the violence they saw happening in their city. Another interesting aspect of the story is the fact that while this book is in a way a history book looking at the past, Bugliosi actually experienced this history and provides his own emotional reactions to what happened. For example, when Bugliosi read Manson’s file to understand who he was about to prosecute he commented, â€Å"I was surprised, in studying Manson’s record, to find no sustained history of violence,† (p. 203). While the reader might disagree with Bugliosi (it seems that instances of armed robbery, homosexual rape and wife beating could be considered a â€Å"sustained history†), these personal reactions to what is going on show the reader that Bugliosi is not merely an author or a historian, but a character in this story who experienced all the madness revolving around Charles Manson first hand. Therefore, while Helter Skelter might be considered very fact-driven it certainly has a heart, and Mr. Bugliosi does an excellent job describing not only exactly how the investigation went, but also how it felt for some of the people involved. Anyone interested in interpersonal violence, the 60s or Charles Manson will certainly have learnt a great deal after finishing this book. As I’ve said previously, the life of Charles Manson revolved around interpersonal violence. From an early age Manson was the victim of child neglect – his mother (Kathleen Maddox) would leave him with neighbors, â€Å"for an hour, then disappear for days or weeks,† (p. 91). While there is no evidence provided that Manson was actually abused during these days away from his mother, the lack of any strong parental figures to care for him must have been traumatizing for Manson. Kathleen was sixteen when Charles was born, and was known to drink and party, often bringing home men with the same proclivities. She was also a very poor model for her son when it came to following the law. Along with her brother Luther, Kathleen was sentenced to five years in prison for armed robbery when Charles was between four and five years old. Manson never met his father who is said to have died in 1954. Considering his upbringing, it is not surprising that the boy had trouble adjusting properly, and that his struggle to be noticed and gain attention would be at the core of his being. When Manson was twelve his mother sent him away to the Gibault School for Boys, described as a â€Å"caretaking institution,† (p. 191) because she could no longer to care for him. From this point on Charles Manson would be in and out of institutions (including prison). When the investigations for the Tate-LaBianca murders were taking place Manson was thirty-two years old and had spent over seventeen of those years in some form of institution. During the time Manson was incarcerated personality examinations were conducted and various descriptions warn of the possibility of violence. Manson was described as being, â€Å"aggressively antisocial,† (p. 193) having, â€Å"a tendency toward moodiness,† (p. 192) and as, â€Å"hiding his loneliness, resentment, and hostility behind a facade of superficial ingratiation,† (p. 00). These examinations and their conclusions will be very important when considering what could have been done to stop Manson and what we as a society can do to ensure no one like him is ever allowed to terrorize others again. The acts of interpersonal violence Manson committed during his time in and out of institutions are numerous. When Manson was seventeen he attended Natural Bridge Camp and a month before his release hearing he, â€Å"took a razor blade and held it against another boy’s throat while he sodomized him,† (p. 194). However, this did not stop Manson from being released and he promptly married a waitress and got her pregnant (he was 19). A year later however, he was in trouble with the law for stealing cars (and driving them across state lines – a federal offense) and admitted to the judge-requested psychiatrist that he beat his wife, â€Å"at times,† (p. 196). After three years in jail, Manson was released with five years parole (the year was 1958). In 1959, Manson’s parole officer was informed by a parent that Manson had conned his daughter (Jo Anne) and one of her friends (Beth), telling them he was in the night club, radio and television business. Manson convinced Jo Anne to invest her savings in his bogus company, got her pregnant (there was no mention if the sex was consensual), and drugged and raped Beth as well (p. 199). For violating his probation as well as these new sexual crimes he was accused of committing Manson was sentenced to 10 years in prison (although he was paroled on March 21, 1967). It was after this stint in prison that Manson began to bring his â€Å"Family† together and it was with them that he truly began to explore his appetite for violence through the use of spiritual abuse. The Manson Family at first glance may not seem different from many of the communes that had come together in the 60s, representing a desire for sexual liberation and a more natural way of living. However, the Family was not simply a commune, but a cult whose idea of a more natural way of life included violence, submission and eventually control over the world as the, â€Å"pure, white master race,† (p. 330). To members of the family Charles Manson was Jesus Christ or God, and these were the aliases that Charlie Manson provided the police when he was charged for the car theft ring (p. 80). Manson always had a desire for attention and to feel noticed and important, and it was through his creation of his own religion that he could finally get what he always wanted. Unfortunately for his acolytes, Manson’s appetite for violence and abuse only escalated once he had a multitude of willing victims under his control. It may seem odd that people would want to join such an abusive group, but Manson had various means to attract people to his Family. To convince men to join him Manson would use the sexual favors of the girls already under his control. For example, when trying to attract a biker from the Straight Satans gang to join him, Manson is quoted as saying, â€Å"Move up here, you can have all the girls you want, all the girls,† (p. 131). To get girls to join Manson would ask for the help of some of the more attractive men in the Family to, â€Å"go down to the Sunset Strip, where the teenyboppers hung out,† or â€Å"drive the highways watching for girls who were hitchhiking,† (p. 317) in the hope that they would be able to lure some of the girls back to the ranch the Family was living on. Once these new recruits were introduced to the Family, Manson had a variety of techniques he would use to control them. Manson was said to have possessed an ability to capitalize on, â€Å"a person’s hang-ups and/or desires,† (p. 316). He told plain girls they were beautiful, told girls with daddy issues to imagine that he was their father, and girls looking for a leader that he was Jesus Christ. To ensure that the girls were completely submissive Manson would convince them that, â€Å"women are only as good as their men,† and that they were â€Å"a reflection of their men,† (p. 02). This is obviously ideal for a cult leader because Manson portrayed himself as the father of the Family and their savior. Since â€Å"their man† was so good, these girls felt that they were good, and that Manson would lead them to salvation and love. This mixture of brainwashing and domination produced in the girls, â€Å"a little girl quality† as if they had been, â€Å"retarded at a certain stage in their childhood,† (p. 184-185). Even when considering murder and death the girls would maintain a positive, contented mood, as if nothing could faze them. Manson did not just use words to bring about total obedience however. One thirteen-year-old girl was not considered â€Å"submissive enough† for Manson so he, â€Å"punched her in the mouth; kicked her across a room; hit her over the head with a chair leg,† (p. 277). This was not entirely typical of Manson though as his favorite weapons of control consisted of using or withholding sex (especially with the male Family members), as well as drug-aided manipulation. LSD is a hallucinogenic drug which can make the one taking it more susceptible to outside influence. Manson used this property to, â€Å"instill his philosophies, exploit weaknesses and fears, and extract promises and agreements from his followers,† (p. 318) while they were â€Å"tripping† on LSD (which he provided of course). Manson’s â€Å"religion† that he would con his followers into believing was based on a mixture of Scientology, passages from the Bible, Buddhism and records by the Beatles. While it is difficult to decipher exactly how this philosophy all fit together, one important element that aided in the control of the Family was fear. According to Manson, â€Å"fear was the same thing as awareness,† (p. 319) and the goal (as in many religions or philosophies) is to gain more awareness, or to come into the â€Å"Now,† which is a term taken from Scientologists and basically means to truly live â€Å"in the moment. † Manson told Family members that they should always be afraid, and he would search out his followers’ greatest fears so that he could use these fears, â€Å"like a magic button†¦he could push at will to control that person,† (p. 319). This aspect of the Manson cult is so important to understand because it explains why Manson had such a strong following. Even though many of his Family members were afraid of him, Manson told them that they wanted to be afraid so they took it as a good thing. Another important aspect of Manson’s beliefs that is very important for understanding the murders he would later commit was his interpretation of a chapter in the Bible from Revelations. Revelations tells of the four horsemen of the apocalypse who were foretold to arrive on earth to bring about a war where a third of mankind would perish. Manson believed that these four horsemen were the Beatles rock group, and therefore the apocalypse was happening soon if not immediately. Manson believed there was going to be a race war (blacks vs. whites) in which the whites would be wiped out (the third of mankind that will perish) and the only way to escape it was to hide out in the desert where he could later return with his Family where they would rule over the remaining blacks as the master race. The murders that Manson and his followers committed were meant to spark this race war, and move Manson’s plan into action. Although this sounds quite unbelievable, the combination of LCD, naivete (some of the Family members were fed these theories since they were thirteen), and the time period allowed Manson to assemble quite a sizable group. While it is estimated that there may have been over a hundred Family members at various times, the inner circle remained at around 20-30 people (p. 186). The Family was Manson’s â€Å"greatest† creation. While previously Manson could only abuse one or two people at a time, he found a way to simultaneously abuse dozens of people – all without the knowledge of society as a whole. A lot of research has been done in the field of interpersonal violence since the time of the Manson murders. There are more accepted theories explaining why people commit acts of interpersonal violence and there are more tested methods of how to recognize people or situations that may become abusive. It is clear just how far things have progressed when the ease of which Charles Manson is labeled as the monster he is and the multiple warning signs that appear when looking at his life and personality. Many of Manson’s personality traits match with those suggested by Rosenbaum, Pagelow and/or Anderson, including â€Å"violence in family of origin,† (although there is no explicit information about physical abuse, Manson was neglected and rejected by his mother) â€Å"low self esteem,† (Manson had a drive to be recognized by others) â€Å"traditionalist, authoritarian personalities, need for power or control† (the way Manson ran his Family is clear evidence of this) as well as â€Å"moody,† (mentioned in institutional personality checks of Manson) and â€Å"psychopathology,† (Wallace, Roberson, p. 22 Table 9. 1). Although there is no single accepted checklist for traits of an abuser, Manson would be identified as an abuser using three different (though overlapping) scales. If these types of measurements had been available in Manson’s early years, he may have been discovered and possibly could have been treated when he was 19 (when he abused his first wife) instead of being released from prison after a few short years with no rehabilitation and allowed to continue his patterns of abuse. The tactics Manson used to control the Family are also very well documented in today’s research of intimate partner abuse. For example, three main elements in any abuse situation are fear, isolation and lack of resources (Wallace, Roberson, p. 225). Manson’s â€Å"religion† was based on making his followers as afraid as possible, and having an intimate knowledge of each member’s fears so that they could be used against them when needed. While many of the Family members appeared to radiate inner contentment, there were several former members of the Family that testified in the Manson case that would talk about how afraid they were of what Manson would do to them if they disobeyed his commands. Isolation was obviously an important part of Manson’s philosophy as he was very against the â€Å"establishment† and saw the apocalypse fast approaching therefore he took his family to the desert and for most of the time the Family was together they lived on Spahn’s ranch, which was an old western movie set that had allen into disrepair. Once in this isolated location Manson had free reign to manipulate and abuse his followers with no one to stop him. Lack of resources could be said to apply to all the members of the Family as they were living the hippie lifestyle with no real employment prospects. However, this is important when considering that very few of the Family members left Manson, especially his â€Å"inner circle. † Although Manson might have been abusive and demanding in many ways, he appeared to have a plan and an answer for life’s tough questions. With no better prospects and no real way to successfully fend for themselves, it is no surprise that many of the women especially did not leave (they were taught they were only good as their man after all – what would they do with no man? ). With more knowledge about what can cause abusive situations as well as increased awareness among the general population I am hopeful that a situation like the one that developed in the California desert will not happen again, and if it does hopefully it will be quickly identified and shut down. Sexual assault is a common factor in many of the different topics in interpersonal violence including rape, intimate partner abuse and child abuse. There is evidence that Manson participated in all of these facets of sexual assault. Although I’ve already mentioned how he has raped (Beth in 1959) and used sex as a means of control (with the female Family members), he also engaged in child sexual abuse. One thirteen year old girl was sodomized by Manson as other Family members looked on as part of her initiation (p. 18). Manson’s motives for sexual assault are easy to match up with the category of â€Å"power rape† given in Wallace and Roberson’s text book on family violence. Power rapes (specifically power-assertive rapists) consider rape as, â€Å"an expression of his virility, mastery and dominance,† (p. 342). Clearly Manson desired attention, obedience and wanted control over his victims, that being the same way he ran his Family. By controlling what others did sexually Manson was able to feel in control of them. Clearly Manson was not interested in his followers as people, but merely puppets from which he could get what he wanted. When considering the scope of the spiritual abuse that Manson perpetrated on his followers, it is important to consider his authoritarian personality and his need for attention and control. Manson’s philosophy was all there was for the Family – there was no adding elements to it or putting a personal spin on the information. As one Family member put it, â€Å"everything was done at Charlie’s direction,† (p. 317). Therefore, when examining some of the questions Wallace and Roberson’s book offer as means of determining if a religious group is abusive, the answers to them are uniformly â€Å"no. † For example, â€Å"Does the group allow for development in theological beliefs? † â€Å"Does the group foster relationships and connections with the larger society that are more than self-serving? or the question most indicative of the abusive situation happening at Spahn ranch, â€Å"Does the group encourage independent thinking and the development of discernment skills? (Wallace and Roberson, p. 327). While Manson did not demand any of his followers kill themselves as is the pattern in many cults, his motives were just as sinister. Manson’s goal was to survive the apocalypse to be the leader of the master white race. With the help of his Family Manson wanted to go from the leader of 30-40 hippies to the leader of the whole world. Luckily his means of obtaining this goal were not as grand as the goal itself and eventually landed him in jail, far away from impressionable minds to warp and twist. Charles Manson is an interesting man in that he offers us the opportunity to see how a human being can transform himself into an animalistic monster if society turns a blind eye. Even though Manson proved from an early age that he was violent and had no respect for authority or law, he was repeatedly let out to wreak havoc on society. Charles Manson’s masterpiece was a sadistic, brainwashing cult which twisted the minds of dozens of young people, made them experiences the horror of abuse, physical, emotional and sexual, and finally ended in the deaths of at least nine people. What Manson really gives us is a reason to continue the fight against interpersonal violence. As a society we must never again allow such a person to freely exist among us. People with these types of violent tendencies must be identified, understand and if at all possible, rehabilitated. If rehabilitation is not possible then the proper steps must be taken to ensure that such an abusive person is never allowed access to another victim. While people often think that interpersonal violence isn’t their problem because they haven’t personally experienced it, Charles Manson shows just how ignorant this opinion is. While Manson may have been â€Å"someone else’s problem† before he started the family, it was still one man that shocked and frightened an entire state, and made the entire country take notice. With our increased understanding we now that the ability to fight to insure that nothing like the Manson Family will be allowed to exist unchecked again.

Thursday, January 9, 2020

Exploring Natural Law And Ethics - 1450 Words

The best way to describe natural law, is that it offers a name for the topic of convergence amongst law and ethics. Scholars of natural law comprehend anthropological fulfilment; the morality of human nature, as diversified. The Speluncean Explorers is an anecdotal case in which a group of individuals go to investigate and wind up getting caught in a cavern with exceptionally small assets and luxuries to last them. After reading this case, it is vital to note that the decision that the cavemen recommended by killing Whetmore and feeding on his flesh was only to be executed if all else fails, which unfortunately was the case. The judge whose arguments I found well justified and whose method of approaching law I agree with the most is that of Justice Foster. The way Justice Foster views certain matters and the approaches he takes is quite a similar path in which I additionally would have taken to look at law in the given circumstances of the case of the Speluncean explorers. I would first like to disclose in the matter as to why I agree with his methodology. As we read in his judgement, he supports the fact that the four survivors are innocent and should not be convicted or hanged, based on the situation that they were placed under. He believes that it was reasonable for any individual to have proceeded in such a vicious manner as these men have, and rests his closing arguments on two grounds. Firstly, Justice Foster takes the perspective that positive law cannot be usefulShow MoreRelatedThe Nature of Ethics in Hinduism, Christianity, and Buddhism Essay1360 Words   |  6 PagesThe Nature of Ethics in Hinduism, Christianity, and Buddhism When asking the question about the nature of ethics, it is hard to explain where they came from because not everyone has the same views or religions. Since religions have different standards, there are different sources to them and different reasons for why people should follow them. 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